Weather and Climate

Curriculum guideline

Effective Date:
Course
Discontinued
No
Course code
GEOG 1110
Descriptive
Weather and Climate
Department
Geography and the Environment
Faculty
Humanities and Social Sciences
Credits
3.00
Start date
End term
Not Specified
PLAR
No
Semester length
15 Weeks
Max class size
28
Course designation
None
Industry designation
None
Contact hours

Lecture: 2 hours per week

and

Lab: 2 hours per week

and

Field Experience: approx. 4 hours per semester

Method(s) of instruction
Lecture
Lab
Field Experience
Learning activities

The course will employ a variety of instructional methods to accomplish its objectives, including some of the following:  lecture, labs, field work, analysis and interpretation of surface weather charts and satellite images, multimedia, individual and/or team projects and small group discussions.

Course description
This lab science course in physical geography provides an introduction to weather, climate, and biogeography. The course examines how weather is forecast, the processes that drive phenomena such as hurricanes, atmospheric rivers, and heat domes, and the ways in which human activities contribute to global climate change. It also explores how climate change influences the distribution of plants and animals. Specific topics include solar radiation and seasons; atmospheric composition, including greenhouse gases and pollutants; and key environmental variables such as temperature, clouds, precipitation, wind, and biodiversity. Hands-on lab activities help students build climate literacy and develop a scientific foundation for understanding and making informed decisions about climate change.
Course content

1. Introduction

  • Scientific method
  • Systems theory and its application to planet Earth
  • Sun / Earth geometry

2. Solar Energy and Radiation Laws

  • First Law of Thermodynamics
  • Electromagnetic radiation
  • Wien’s Displacement Law, Stephan-Boltzmann Law and the Inverse Square Law
  • Variation in the receipt of solar radiation

3. The Earth's Atmosphere

  • Evolution of the modern atmosphere
  • Classification of the atmosphere
  • Anthropogenic atmospheric pollutants, their effects, and global interconnections

4. Energy Concepts, Energy Balance

  • Second Law of Thermodynamics
  • Energy transfer, transmission and absorption
  • Heat energy concepts
  • Radiation and energy balances
  • Urban heat island

5. Local and Global Temperature Variation

  • Influences on temperature
  • Temperature patterns
  • Measurement of temperature

6. Pressure and Atmospheric Circulation

  • Pressure and its variation, distribution and measurement
  • Gas Law
  • Forces influencing the direction and speed of upper level and surface winds
  • Patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation
  • Macro- and meso-scale winds

7. Moisture in the Atmosphere

  • Indices of water vapour content
  • Methods and forms of condensation
  • Mechanisms and forms of precipitation

8. Adiabatic Processes and Stability

  • Diabatic and adiabatic processes
  • Lapse rates
  • Concept and types of stability
  • Uplift

9. Air Masses, Fronts, Mid-latitude Cyclones

  • Air mass formation, classification and modification
  • Front types, formation and characteristics
  • Development, evolution and movement of mid-latitude cyclones
  • Anticyclones

10 Severe Weather

  • Characteristics and life-cycles of air mass and severe thunderstorms
  • Tornado formation, characteristics and dimensions
  • Hurricane development, characteristics, structure, forecasts and damage

11. Biogeography

  • Ecological biogeography and its relationship to climatic patterns
  • Abiotic and biotic influences on primary productivity in various ecosystems
  • Trophic relationships in ecosystems
  • Stages of general ecological succession in ecosystems
  • Fire ecology in response to climate change

12. Climate Change

  • Evidence for natural climate variation
  • Human contributions to climate change, including the atmospheric greenhouse effect and critical analyses of global warming predictions
  • Global, regional and local actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
  • Adaptation to a changing climate (example wildfire)
Learning outcomes

At the conclusion of the course, the successful student will be able to:

  1. Describe and use the frameworks of science applicable to 1st-year physical geography.
  2. Critically evaluate climatological, meteorological and biogeographical issues in a scientific context at local, regional and global scales.
  3. Describe and explain the processes that occur within earth’s atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere systems, and identify and describe interactions among these systems.
  4. Communicate effectively using the language, graphical presentation methods and quantitative methods employed in physical geography.
  5. Connect theoretical applications to “real-world” observations and measurements at local and global scales.

 

Means of assessment

Assessment will be based on course objectives and will be carried out in accordance with the Douglas College Evaluation Policy. Instructors may use a student’s record of attendance and/or level of active participation in the course as part of the student’s graded performance. Where this occurs, expectations and grade calculations regarding class attendance and participation will be clearly defined in the course outline. The instructor will provide a written course outline with specific evaluation criteria during the first week of classes.

An example of a possible evaluation scheme would be:

Laboratory Assignments 10%
Laboratory Exams 25%
Midterm Exam 25%
Final Exam 25%
Term Project 10%
Contribution/Participation   5%
Total 100%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Students must receive at least a grade of D in both lecture and lab components of this course to receive a minimum of a D grade in the course.

Note:  This course received a standing variance from Education Council in June 2016 to allow up to a 20% lab exam during the last 14 calendar days of the semester.  This is not a final exam; it is an assessment of student learning of lab work performed in the second half of the semester.

Textbook materials

Texts will be updated periodically. Typical examples are:

  • Christopherson, R. W., Birkeland, G., Byrne, M.L. and P. Giles. Geosystems: An Introduction to Physical Geography, Edited Latest Canadian Edition.  Pearson /Prentice Hall.
  • Lutgens, F.K., Tarbuck, E.J., and D.G. Tasa. Atmosphere: An Introduction to Meteorology, Latest Edition. Pearson /Prentice Hall.
  • Open textbook resources

 

Prerequisites

None

Corequisites

None

Equivalencies

None

Which prerequisite