Introduction to Earth Sciences

Curriculum guideline

Effective Date:
Course
Discontinued
No
Course code
GEOG 1120
Descriptive
Introduction to Earth Sciences
Department
Geography and the Environment
Faculty
Humanities and Social Sciences
Credits
3.00
Start date
End term
Not Specified
PLAR
No
Semester length
15 Weeks
Max class size
28
Course designation
None
Industry designation
None
Contact hours

Lecture: 2 hours per week

and

Lab: 2 hours per week

and

Field Experience: approx. 4 hours per semester

Method(s) of instruction
Lecture
Lab
Field Experience
Learning activities

The course will employ a variety of instructional methods to accomplish its objectives, including some of the following:  lecture, labs, field work, analysis and interpretation of graphs, maps and air photos, multimedia, individual and/or team projects and small group discussions.

Course description
This lab science physical geography course is an introduction to geomorphology: the scientific study of natural processes acting on the surface of the Earth and the landforms they create. Specific topics include rivers, glaciers, coasts, permafrost, slope processes, plate tectonics, rocks and minerals. Physical geographers study the interaction of natural and human-processes to explain hazards such as floods, debris flows, landslides, sea level change, and coastal erosion. The impact of climate change on these processes, such as melting glaciers, thawing permafrost and slope instability, is also considered. Lab activities study rocks and minerals, and use Google Earth and topographic maps to investigate events including glacial retreat and slope failures, while field trips enable real-life measurements of local features such as stream flow and channel morphology.
Course content
  1. Introduction
    • Physical geography
    • Geographic spatial analysis
    • Scientific method
    • Systems theory and its application to physical geography
  2. Minerals
    • Mineral families
    • Diagnostic properties
    • Mineral identification
  3. Rocks
    • Rock cycle
    • Igneous rocks, their characteristics and rock-forming environments
    • Sedimentary rocks, their characteristics and rock-forming environments
    • Metamorphic rocks, their characteristics and rock-forming environments
    • Rock identification
  4. Geological Time and Principles
    • Geologic time scale
    • Earth science principles of original horizontality, superposition, cross-cutting relationships and faunal succession
  5. Plate Tectonics and Structural Landforms
    • Development of, and evidence for, plate tectonic theory
    • Plate boundary types, interactions and resulting patterns of tectonic landforms and phenomena
    • Volcanism
    • Crustal deformation processes and resulting landforms
  6. Topographic Maps
    • Projections
    • Map elements: scale, locational coordinate systems, direction indicators, and legends
    • Contour line construction, interpretation and analysis
    • Topographic profile construction and analysis
    • Calculation of vertical exaggeration and gradients
    • Landform measurement, analysis and identification
  7. Weathering and Soils
    • Chemical weathering types, causes, and characteristics
    • Physical weathering types, causes, and characteristics
    • Influences on rates of weathering,
    • Products of weathering
    • Soil characteristics: pedons, profiles, horizons, properties
    • Canadian system of soil classification
  8. Mass Movement
    • Slope processes
    • Influences of slope stability
    • Mass movement characteristics and classification
  9. Fluvial and Groundwater Systems
    • Hydrology
    • Drainage basin morphology
    • Channel morphology
    • Fluvial erosional and depositional processes and landforms
    • Groundwater processes
    • Karst processes and landforms
  10. Glacial Systems
    • Glacial development and classification
    • Glacial mass balance
    • Glacial erosional and depositional processes and landforms
  11. Coastal Systems
    • Components of the coastal environment
    • Coastal sediment transport mechanisms
    • Coastal erosional and depositional processes and landforms
    • Types of coastline
  12. Aeolian Systems
    • Geographic distribution of aeolian environments
    • Aeolian erosional and depositional processes and landforms
  13. Periglacial Systems
    • Geographic distribution of periglacial environments
    • Permafrost processes and landforms
    • Thermokarst processes and landforms

 

Learning outcomes

At the conclusion of the course, the successful student will be able to:

  1. Describe and use the frameworks of science applicable to first-year physical geography.
  2. Analyze and interpret minerals, rocks, sediment and soils to identify their environment of origin.
  3. Describe and explain the processes that occur within earth’s lithosphere and hydrosphere, as well as their interactions with the atmosphere.
  4. Critically evaluate geomorphological issues in a scientific context at local, regional and global scales.
  5. Communicate effectively using the language, graphical presentation methods and quantitative methods employed in physical geography.

 

Means of assessment

The evaluation will be based on course objectives and will be carried out in accordance with the Douglas College Evaluation Policy.  Instructors may use a student's record of attendance and/or level of active participation in the course as part of the student's graded performance.  Where this occurs, expectations and grade calculations regarding class attendance and participation will be clearly defined in the course outline. The instructor will provide a written course outline with specific evaluation criteria during the first week of classes. This is a letter-graded course. 

An example of a possible evaluation scheme would be:

Midterm exam

 20%

Final exam

 25%

Laboratory Assignments

 10%

Laboratory Exams

 25%

Field Work

 5%

Term Project

 10%

Contribution/Participation

 5%

Total

 100%

Students must receive at least a grade of D in both lecture and lab components of this course to receive a minimum of a D grade in the course.

Note:  This course received a standing variance from Education Council in June 2016 to allow up to a 20% lab exam during the final 14 calendar days of the semester.  This is not a final exam; it is an assessment of student learning of lab work performed in the second half of the semester.

Textbook materials

Texts will be updated periodically. A typical example is:

  • Christopherson, R.W. Birkeland, G.H., Byrne M-L., and Giles, P. Geosystems: An Introduction to Physical Geography, Latest Canadian Edition.   Toronto: Pearson Canada Inc.
  • Open Textbook Resources

 

Prerequisites

None

Corequisites

None

Equivalencies

None